Carbon dots are luminescent nanoparticles composed of a carbon core and surface structure having functional groups such as amine and carboxyl groups, etc. Their properties, such as high emission quantum yield, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility, make them suitable candidates for bioimaging and optoelectronic applications. The emission properties of carbon dots primarily depend on the surface states. They are tunable by choosing different precursors/dopants and the surrounding media where CDs are dispersed. We synthesized highly luminescent blue, green, and red silica-encapsulated CDs and dual-emitting CDs by hydrothermal/ solvothermal synthesis method. Due to low toxicity, easy functionalization, and good biocompatibility, we investigated the applications of CDs for bioimaging. We functionalized CDs for specific targeting of organelles inside the cell like lipid droplets, mitochondria, nucleus, etc., which is another direction of my work. Though CDs have very good emission in solutions, in thin films they show weak emission due to quenching arising from aggregation effects. Encapsulation and functionalization techniques were employed to mitigate the PL quenching effects. Future work also entails investigating solvent-dependent emission properties utilizing CDs in fluorescence sensing applications and optimizing the RBG silica encapsulated dots for optoelectronic applications.