In this talk, I will explore the transformative role of mathematical and computational modeling across diverse medical domains. Beginning with an investigation into hydrocephalus, a complex neurological condition, we will discuss how mathematical models enhance our understanding of its pathophysiology and aid in treatment optimization. Shifting focus to oncology, we examine the sequencing of therapies for cancer patients, showcasing how computational modeling facilitates improved treatment strategies to improve outcomes. Finally, we look at an emerging therapeutic modality, High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU). We discuss the principles underlying the HIFU mechanism of action and its potential clinical applications, highlighting its promise as a non-invasive treatment option.